Sodium bicarbonate is effective on which classes of fires?

Sodium bicarbonate, commonly known as baking soda, is effective primarily on Class B and Class C fires. Class B fires involve flammable liquids such as gasoline, oil, or paint, where sodium bicarbonate can help smother flames and suppress the fire effectively. This is because it releases carbon dioxide when heated, which can displace oxygen and help to extinguish the fire.

Additionally, sodium bicarbonate is suitable for Class C fires, which involve electrical equipment. It is non-conductive, making it safe to use on live electrical fires, as it does not pose a risk of electrocution while effectively smothering the flames.

Classes A and D fires, which involve ordinary combustibles (like wood and paper) and combustible metals respectively, are not effectively dealt with using sodium bicarbonate. Class K fires, involving cooking oils and fats, typically require specialized extinguishing agents designed to handle high-temperature cooking fires.

Understanding the properties and the appropriate applications of sodium bicarbonate in fire suppression is essential for effective emergency response and safety.