What does "lapse" refer to in atmospheric conditions?

In the context of atmospheric conditions, "lapse" specifically refers to the decrease in atmospheric temperature as one moves upward in height. This phenomenon occurs because, as altitude increases, the air pressure lowers, leading to a reduction in temperature. The standard lapse rate in the troposphere, which is the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere, typically shows a decrease of about 6.5 degrees Celsius for every kilometer of ascent.

This concept is essential in understanding weather patterns, the behavior of the atmosphere, and how air masses interact. It plays a critical role in meteorology and aviation, where temperature changes with altitude directly impact flight dynamics, cloud formation, and overall weather conditions. Understanding the lapse rate helps to predict stability in the atmosphere, which influences storm development and the potential for severe weather.