What is a door with a device that allows it to close and latch by itself called?

A door that is designed to close and latch by itself is referred to as a self-closing door. This type of door typically utilizes a mechanism, such as a spring or hydraulic closer, which ensures that it automatically returns to the closed position after being opened. This feature is crucial for maintaining fire safety, as it helps to prevent the spread of smoke and flames by keeping the door closed when not in use.

Self-closing doors are commonly found in areas where fire-rated doors are required, such as in corridors leading to stairwells or in areas containing flammable materials. Their ability to latch upon closing adds an additional layer of safety by ensuring that the door remains secured and reduces the risk of accidental openings.

In contrast, the term "self-latching door" typically implies a door that closes by itself but may not necessarily have the same strong emphasis on the automatic closing action. Meanwhile, "automatic door" generally refers to doors that open automatically via sensors or other means, rather than closing by themselves. Finally, a "hinged door" simply describes the type of operation based on its physical mechanics, without indicating any self-closing or self-latching capabilities.