What is a hip rafter?

A hip rafter is specifically designed to extend from an outside corner of a building up to the ridge board at a 45-degree angle. This structure is integral to the framework of hip roofs, which are characterized by slopes on all four sides, providing a stable and aesthetically pleasing roofline. The angle of 45 degrees is significant because it facilitates the transition of the roof's slope from the walls to the upper ridge, enhancing both the design and functionality of the roof by allowing for adequate water drainage.

The other options describe different types of rafters or structural elements that do not match the distinctive characteristics of a hip rafter. For instance, a rafter that extends from the ridge to an outside wall refers to a common rafter, which performs a different function in the roof structure. A rafter that runs parallel to the wall typically describes a ceiling joist or a structural member that is not related to roof pitch. Lastly, a support beam in the foundation pertains to the load-bearing elements of the building's base, which is unrelated to roofing systems. Thus, the defining properties of the hip rafter align with the choice that specifies its angle and positioning in relation to the building's structure.