What term describes a structural support placed above openings in masonry walls?

The term that describes a structural support placed above openings in masonry walls is "lintel." A lintel is specifically designed to carry the load from the structure above the opening, such as a door or window, down to the vertical elements on either side of the opening. This is essential because it helps maintain the integrity and stability of the wall while allowing for these openings without compromising safety.

Understanding the purpose of a lintel is crucial in fire inspections as it contributes to the overall structural safety of a building. Properly installed lintels help prevent potential structural failures, which could lead to hazardous situations, particularly in the event of a fire where structural integrity is paramount.

In contrast, a beam typically refers to a horizontal structural element that supports loads across longer spans and is used in various building applications, but it is not specifically designed for openings in masonry. A joist is a framing member that supports a ceiling or floor and is not relevant to wall openings. Bracing refers to structural elements designed to stabilize a structure against lateral forces, like wind or seismic activity, rather than to support openings specifically.